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PSFM A–Z Condition Guide for Princeton & Lawrenceville, NJ
Welcome to Princeton Sports and Family Medicine’s anatomy-first A–Z library- built to help you quickly find clear, patient-friendly information about injuries, family medicine concerns, general medical topics, and weight/health goals.
Use this page in three ways:
- By body region: ankle, knee, shoulder, back, hip, neck, wrist/hand, foot, etc.
- By symptom: cough, headache, dizziness, fatigue, rash, heartburn, pain, urinary symptoms, etc.
- By diagnosis: ankle sprain, sciatica, asthma, reflux/GERD, osteoporosis, pneumonia, and more.
PSFM provides non-operative sports medicine and family medicine with integrated rehab, performance, and wellness services, including support for weight-related health goals. We serve patients across Princeton, Lawrenceville, West Windsor, Plainsboro, Hopewell, Pennington, and Robbinsville.
Start Here
Choose the right starting visit
- Sports medicine evaluation: Start here for new injuries, sports-related pain, overuse problems, tendon/ligament concerns, or return-to-sport questions.
- Family medicine visit: Start here for illness symptoms, fever, cough, sore throat, urinary concerns, chronic condition questions, preventive care needs, or “I’m not sure what this is.”
- Physical therapy evaluation: Start here when pain or stiffness is limiting function and you want a rehab plan for strength, mobility, and return to activity.
- Performance/wellness assessment: Start here for exercise planning, behavior change, and weight/health goals where training, lifestyle, and sustainable routines matter.
- Request an appointment: If you’re unsure, start with a general appointment request and we’ll help direct you.
Medical Disclaimer: This page is for general education and does not replace medical advice.
Call emergency services or go to the ER/urgent care now for:
- Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort with sweating, nausea, or shortness of breath
- Severe shortness of breath, blue lips, or trouble speaking in full sentences
- Sudden weakness or numbness on one side, facial droop, confusion, or trouble speaking
- Sudden severe headache, “worst headache of my life,” fainting, or new seizure
- Uncontrolled bleeding, deep/widening cuts, or concern for major blood loss
- High fever with stiff neck, severe confusion, or rash that spreads rapidly
- Open fracture, bone visible, or a joint that looks deformed after injury
- Rapidly worsening redness, swelling, warmth, severe pain, or pus
- Severe abdominal pain with persistent vomiting or black/bloody stools
- Inability to urinate
- Fever with flank pain, pelvic pain, or urinary symptoms
- Eye pain, light sensitivity, blurred vision, chemical exposure, or contact-lens-related red eye
- Postmenopausal bleeding
- Suicidal thoughts or feeling unsafe
Browse Fast
Pain by Location
Common Symptoms
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Cough
- Sore throat
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Rash
- Abdominal pain
- Shortness of breath
- Pink eye / red eye
- Ear fullness / blocked ear
Metabolic, Weight, and Preventive Health
- Weight loss support
- Nutrition basics
- Cardiometabolic risk
- Exercise readiness
- Osteoporosis / bone density
- Menopause / perimenopause symptoms
A–Z Conditions Index:
A
- Abdomen / GI: abdominal pain, reflux/GERD, nausea/vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes, kidney stones / flank pain
- AC Joint / Shoulder: AC joint sprain / separated shoulder
- Achilles: Achilles tendon, Achilles tendinopathy, Achilles rupture/tear, heel pain, shock wave therapy
- ACL injury prevention: ACL injury prevention / jump-landing mechanics
- Adaptive Athletes: adaptive athlete medical care
- Adductor: adductor strain
- Allergies: seasonal allergies, allergic rhinitis, pink eye / conjunctivitis
- Ankle: ankle sprain, high ankle sprain, chronic ankle instability, ankle stress fracture, ankle arthritis, peroneal tendonitis, Lisfranc injury / midfoot sprain
- Asthma: asthma, wheezing, shortness of breath
B
- Back / Spine: low back pain, sciatica, back strain, spondylolysis, hip pain that goes down the leg, piriformis syndrome / deep gluteal syndrome
- Baker’s Cyst: Baker’s cyst
- Biceps: biceps tendonitis of the shoulder, distal biceps tendonitis and tear
- Blood pressure: high blood pressure, cardiometabolic risk
- Bone Health: osteoporosis / bone density / fragility fracture risk, stress fracture, foot stress fracture, relative energy deficiency in sport / underfueling
- Bone Spur: bone spur
- Breathing / Lungs: cough, bronchitis, shortness of breath, asthma, pneumonia, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID
- BPH / Prostate / Men’s Health: BPH, prostatitis, and urinary symptoms in men
- Bursitis: hip bursitis, shoulder bursitis, Baker’s cyst, shock wave therapy
C
- Calf: calf strain, shin splints
- Cardiometabolic Health: cardiometabolic risk, type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes
- Carpal Tunnel: carpal tunnel syndrome, carpal tunnel
- Cervical / Neck: neck pain, pinched nerve / cervical radiculopathy
- Chest / Heart: chest pain, palpitations, rib injury / rib fracture / intercostal strain
- Cold / Flu / Respiratory Illness: viral URI, influenza, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID, pneumonia
- Collarbone: collarbone fracture, AC joint sprain / separated shoulder
- Concussion / Head Injury: concussion, return to activity guidance
- COVID: COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID
D
- De Quervain’s: De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
- Depression / Mood: depression, anxiety, menopause / perimenopause symptoms
- Dermatology / Skin: dermatitis/eczema, acne, rash, skin infection
- Diabetes / Metabolic: prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes
- Disc: degenerative disc disease, symptoms of a herniated disc
- Distal Biceps: distal biceps tendonitis and tear
- Dizziness: dizziness, vertigo, earwax / cerumen impaction
E
- Ear / ENT: ear pain, ear infection, earwax / cerumen impaction, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis
- Elbow: elbow pain causes, treatments and prevention, tennis elbow/lateral epicondylitis, golfer’s elbow/medial epicondylitis, elbow bursitis, distal biceps tendonitis and tear, osteochondritis dissecans
- Energy / Fatigue: fatigue, hypothyroidism / thyroid problems, menopause / perimenopause symptoms, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID
- Exercise Readiness / Return to Activity: exercise readiness, safe exercise progression, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID
F
- Fatty Liver: fatty liver and elevated liver enzymes
- Fever: fever, pneumonia, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID, BPH / prostatitis / urinary symptoms in men, kidney stones / flank pain
- Finger / Hand: trigger finger, finger sprain/strain, top 10 common finger issues, thumb CMC arthritis, De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
- Foot: plantar fasciitis, bunion, metatarsalgia, foot stress fracture, Morton’s neuroma, sesamoiditis, hallux rigidus, Lisfranc injury / midfoot sprain, posterior tibial tendon dysfunction
- Fractures: scaphoid fracture, wrist fracture after a fall, toe fracture, collarbone fracture, foot stress fracture, osteoporosis / fragility fracture risk
- Frozen Shoulder: frozen shoulder
G
- GI / Stomach / Bowels: GERD, IBS symptoms, constipation, reflux vs heartburn, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes
- Gluteal / Lateral Hip: gluteal tendinopathy / greater trochanteric pain syndrome, hip bursitis, hip pain
- Gout: gout flare
- Groin / Hip Flexor: groin strain, hip flexor strain, hip pain that goes down the leg
H
- Hallux / Big Toe: hallux rigidus, turf toe, toe fracture, bunion, sesamoiditis
- Hamstring: hamstring strain, hamstring tear, piriformis syndrome / deep gluteal syndrome
- Hand / Wrist: wrist sprain, wrist tendonitis, carpal tunnel, ganglion cyst, hand arthritis, De Quervain’s tenosynovitis, thumb CMC arthritis, TFCC tear and ulnar-sided wrist pain, scaphoid fracture, wrist fracture after a fall
- Head / Neuro: headache, migraine, dizziness, vertigo
- Heart Health: high cholesterol, high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, cardiometabolic risk
- Heartburn: reflux vs heartburn, GERD
- High Ankle Sprain: high ankle sprain
- High Cholesterol: high cholesterol / hyperlipidemia, high cholesterol
- Hip: hip pain, hip arthritis, hip bursitis, hip labrum tear, tight hip flexors, hip impingement / FAI, gluteal tendinopathy / greater trochanteric pain syndrome, piriformis syndrome / deep gluteal syndrome, hip pain that goes down the leg
- Hormones / Thyroid: hypothyroidism / thyroid problems, menopause / perimenopause symptoms
I
- Infection: sinus infection, skin infection, pneumonia, pink eye / conjunctivitis, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID, UTI, BPH / prostatitis / urinary symptoms in men
- Inflammation: tendinitis/tendinopathy overview, gluteal tendinopathy, biceps tendonitis of the shoulder, distal biceps tendonitis and tear
- Injury Prevention: overuse injuries, return to sport, ACL injury prevention, osteoporosis / fragility fracture risk
- Insomnia / Sleep: insomnia, sleep health, sleep apnea / snoring, menopause / perimenopause symptoms, shoulder pain when sleeping
- Insulin Resistance: insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes
- Iron Deficiency / Anemia: iron deficiency anemia
- IT Band Syndrome: IT band
J
- Jaw / TMJ: jaw pain/TMJ
- Joint Pain / General: joint pain, arthritis, osteoporosis / bone density / fragility fracture risk
K
- Kidney / Flank Pain: kidney stones and flank pain, UTI, abdominal pain, low back pain
- Knee: knee pain, knee pain when squatting or lunging, ACL injury, meniscus tear, MCL sprain, LCL sprain and posterolateral corner injury, PCL injury, patellofemoral pain, knee arthritis, torn knee ligaments, patellar tendonitis, Baker’s cyst, Osgood-Schlatter disease, osteochondritis dissecans
L
- LCL / Posterolateral Corner: LCL sprain and posterolateral corner injury
- Leg: muscle strain, muscle cramps, hip pain that goes down the leg, sciatica
- Ligaments / General: sprains, ACL injury, MCL sprain, LCL sprain and posterolateral corner injury, PCL injury, high ankle sprain
- Lisfranc / Midfoot: Lisfranc injury and midfoot sprain
- Lifestyle / Weight: weight loss support, behavior change, medical weight loss, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes
- Little League Shoulder: little league shoulder
- Liver: fatty liver and elevated liver enzymes
M
- Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome: medial tibial stress syndrome
- Men’s Health: BPH, prostatitis, and urinary symptoms in men, annual physical, preventive care
- Menopause / Perimenopause: menopause and perimenopause
- Mental Health: anxiety, depression, sleep and stress, menopause / perimenopause symptoms
- Metabolic / Weight: weight loss support, nutrition basics, cardiometabolic risk, muscle loss during weight loss / preserving lean mass, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes
- Midfoot: Lisfranc injury and midfoot sprain
- Morton’s Neuroma: Morton’s neuroma
- Muscle Pain: strains, delayed onset soreness
N
- Nausea: nausea/vomiting, kidney stones and flank pain, pneumonia
- Neck: neck pain, whiplash, cervical radiculopathy
- Nerve Pain: sciatica, carpal tunnel, hip pain that goes down the leg, piriformis syndrome / deep gluteal syndrome
O
- Obesity / Weight: weight loss support, medical weight loss, cardiometabolic risk, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes
- Osgood-Schlatter Disease: Osgood-Schlatter disease
- Osteoarthritis: arthritis overview, knee arthritis, hip arthritis, thumb CMC arthritis, hallux rigidus
- Osteochondritis Dissecans: osteochondritis dissecans
- Osteoporosis / Bone Density: osteoporosis, bone density, and fragility fracture risk
- Over-The-Counter Medications: Tylenol or Advil
- Overuse Injuries: tendinopathy, stress fracture, runner’s knee, youth overuse injuries, Osgood-Schlatter disease, Sever’s disease, gluteal tendinopathy
P
- Pain / General: acute vs chronic pain, when to be seen
- PCL: PCL injury
- Pelvis / SI Joint: SI joint pain, piriformis syndrome / deep gluteal syndrome
- Pink Eye / Eye Symptoms: pink eye and conjunctivitis, seasonal allergies, allergic rhinitis, upper respiratory infection
- Piriformis / Deep Gluteal: piriformis syndrome and deep gluteal syndrome
- Platelet Rich Plasma: platelet rich plasma
- Pneumonia: pneumonia
- Posterior Tibial Tendon: posterior tibial tendon dysfunction
- Preventive Care: annual physical, screening basics, sports physical, osteoporosis / bone density / fragility fracture risk, menopause / perimenopause symptoms, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes
- Prostate / Men’s Health: BPH, prostatitis, and urinary symptoms in men
- Pulmonary: shortness of breath, asthma, pneumonia, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID
Q
- Quadriceps: quad strain, anterior knee pain, knee pain when squatting or lunging
- Questions About Weight / Health: exercise readiness, cardiometabolic risk, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes
R
- Rash / Skin: rash, eczema, dermatitis, skin infection
- RED-S / Underfueling: relative energy deficiency in sport / underfueling, stress fracture, osteoporosis / bone density / fragility fracture risk
- Respiratory: cough, sore throat, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID
- Rib / Chest Wall: rib injury, rib fracture, and intercostal strain
- Return to Exercise: exercise readiness, safe exercise progression, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID
- Return to Lifting: return to lifting after back pain, return to lifting after shoulder pain, knee pain when squatting or lunging
- Running Gait Analysis: running gait analysis / running form evaluation
- Running Injuries: shin splints, plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinopathy, metatarsalgia, tight hip flexors, Morton’s neuroma, sesamoiditis, gluteal tendinopathy, high ankle sprain, shock wave therapy
S
- Scaphoid: scaphoid fracture
- Sesamoiditis: sesamoiditis
- Sever’s Disease: Sever’s disease
- Shock Wave Therapy: shock wave therapy
- Shoulder: rotator cuff tendinopathy, impingement, bursitis, instability/dislocation, rotator cuff tear, SLAP tear, AC joint sprain / separated shoulder, biceps tendonitis of the shoulder, shoulder pain when sleeping
- Sinus / ENT: sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, ear pain, ear infection, earwax / cerumen impaction
- Skin: acne, eczema, skin infection, rash
- Sleep: insomnia, sleep health, sleep apnea / snoring, shoulder pain when sleeping, menopause / perimenopause symptoms
- Sore Throat: sore throat, strep symptoms
- Snoring: sleep apnea / snoring
- Sports Performance Testing: sports performance testing
- Sprains: sprain, ankle sprain, high ankle sprain, wrist sprain, finger sprain, AC joint sprain / separated shoulder
- Stress: stress management basics, sleep and stress
- Stress Fracture / Bone Stress: stress fracture, foot stress fracture, osteoporosis / bone density / fragility fracture risk
- Strength Training for Runners: strength training for runners
- Strength Training Pain Patterns: knee pain when squatting or lunging, shoulder pain when sleeping, distal biceps tendonitis and tear
T
- Tendon Issues: tendinopathy overview, tennis elbow, training around tendinopathy, Achilles tendinopathy, patellar tendonitis, rotator cuff tendinopathy, gluteal tendinopathy, biceps tendonitis of the shoulder, distal biceps tendonitis and tear, posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
- TFCC / Ulnar-Sided Wrist Pain: TFCC tear and ulnar-sided wrist pain
- Throat / ENT: sore throat, sinusitis, upper respiratory infection
- Thrower’s Elbow: thrower’s elbow / UCL
- Thumb: thumb CMC arthritis, De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
- Toe: turf toe, toe fracture, hallux rigidus, sesamoiditis
U
- Upper Respiratory: URI/common cold, cough, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID, pneumonia, pink eye / conjunctivitis
- Urinary: UTI symptoms, kidney stones and flank pain, BPH / prostatitis / urinary symptoms in men
V
- Vertigo: vertigo, dizziness, earwax / cerumen impaction
- Viral Illness: URI, flu, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID
- VO2 Max / Lactate Threshold Testing: VO2 max and lactate threshold: who should get tested?
W
- Weight: weight loss support, behavior change, nutrition basics, cardiometabolic risk, fatty liver / elevated liver enzymes, medical weight loss
- Women’s Health: women’s health overview, menopause and perimenopause, osteoporosis / bone density / fragility fracture risk, annual physical, preventive care
- Wrist / Hand: wrist sprain, wrist tendonitis, carpal tunnel, ganglion cyst, hand arthritis, De Quervain’s tenosynovitis, thumb CMC arthritis, TFCC tear and ulnar-sided wrist pain, scaphoid fracture, wrist fracture after a fall
X
- X-ray & Imaging Basics: when imaging helps, scaphoid fracture, wrist fracture after a fall, rib injury / rib fracture / intercostal strain, kidney stones and flank pain
Y
- Youth Sports: growth plate injuries, youth overuse injuries, Osgood-Schlatter disease, Sever’s disease, osteochondritis dissecans, high ankle sprain, ACL injury prevention
Z
- Zones & Exercise Intensity: exercise readiness, safe progression, COVID / Long COVID / return to exercise after COVID
Not Sure Where to Start? We’ll Help.